std::filesystem:: hard_link_count

From cppreference.com
Defined in header <filesystem>
std:: uintmax_t hard_link_count ( const std:: filesystem :: path & p ) ;
(1) (since C++17)
std:: uintmax_t hard_link_count ( const std:: filesystem :: path & p,
std:: error_code & ec ) noexcept ;
(2) (since C++17)

Returns the number of hard links for the filesystem object identified by path p .

The non-throwing overload returns static_cast < uintmax_t > ( - 1 ) on errors.

Parameters

p - path to examine
ec - out-parameter for error reporting in the non-throwing overload

Return value

The number of hard links for p .

Exceptions

Any overload not marked noexcept may throw std::bad_alloc if memory allocation fails.

1) Throws std::filesystem::filesystem_error on underlying OS API errors, constructed with p as the first path argument and the OS error code as the error code argument.
2) Sets a std:: error_code & parameter to the OS API error code if an OS API call fails, and executes ec. clear ( ) if no errors occur.

Example

#include <filesystem>
#include <iostream>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
int main()
{
    // On a POSIX-style filesystem, each directory has at least 2 hard links:
    // itself and the special member pathname "."
    fs::path p = fs::current_path();
    std::cout << "Number of hard links for current path is "
              << fs::hard_link_count(p) << '\n';
 
    // Each ".." is a hard link to the parent directory, so the total number
    // of hard links for any directory is 2 plus number of direct subdirectories
    p = fs::current_path() / ".."; // Each dot-dot is a hard link to parent
    std::cout << "Number of hard links for .. is "
              << fs::hard_link_count(p) << '\n';
}

Possible output:

Number of hard links for current path is 2
Number of hard links for .. is 3

See also

creates a hard link
(function)
returns the number of hard links referring to the file to which the directory entry refers
(public member function of std::filesystem::directory_entry )