operator==,!=,<,<=,>,>=,<=> (std::map)

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C++
Containers library
std::map
Member functions
Non-member functions
operator== operator<=>
(C++20)
(C++20)

operator!= operator< operator> operator<= operator>=
(until C++20) (until C++20) (until C++20) (until C++20) (until C++20)
Deduction guides (C++17)
Defined in header <map>
template < class Key, class T, class Compare, class Alloc >

bool operator == ( const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & lhs,

const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & rhs ) ;
(1)
template < class Key, class T, class Compare, class Alloc >

bool operator ! = ( const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & lhs,

const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & rhs ) ;
(2) (until C++20)
template < class Key, class T, class Compare, class Alloc >

bool operator < ( const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & lhs,

const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & rhs ) ;
(3) (until C++20)
template < class Key, class T, class Compare, class Alloc >

bool operator <= ( const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & lhs,

const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & rhs ) ;
(4) (until C++20)
template < class Key, class T, class Compare, class Alloc >

bool operator > ( const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & lhs,

const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & rhs ) ;
(5) (until C++20)
template < class Key, class T, class Compare, class Alloc >

bool operator >= ( const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & lhs,

const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & rhs ) ;
(6) (until C++20)
template < class Key, class T, class Compare, class Alloc >

synth - three - way - result < T >
operator <=> ( const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & lhs,

const std:: map < Key, T, Compare, Alloc > & rhs ) ;
(7) (since C++20)

Compares the contents of two map s.

1,2) Checks if the contents of lhs and rhs are equal, that is, they have the same number of elements and each element in lhs compares equal with the element in rhs at the same position.
3-6) Compares the contents of lhs and rhs lexicographically. The comparison is performed by a function equivalent to std::lexicographical_compare . This comparison ignores the map 's ordering Compare .
7) Compares the contents of lhs and rhs lexicographically. The comparison is performed as if by calling std:: lexicographical_compare_three_way ( lhs. begin ( ) , lhs. end ( ) ,
rhs. begin ( ) , rhs. end ( ) , synth-three-way ) .This comparison ignores the map 's ordering Compare .
The return type is the return type of synth-three-way (i.e., synth-three-way-result  < T > ).
If none of the following conditions is satisfied, the behavior is undefined:
  • T models three_way_comparable .
  • < is defined for values of type (possibly const-qualified) T , and < is a total ordering relationship.

The < , <= , > , >= , and != operators are synthesized from operator <=> and operator == respectively.

(since C++20)

Parameters

lhs, rhs - map s whose contents to compare
-
T, Key must meet the requirements of EqualityComparable in order to use overloads (1,2).
-
Key must meet the requirements of LessThanComparable in order to use overloads (3-6). The ordering relation must establish total order.

Return value

1) true if the contents of the map s are equal, false otherwise.
2) true if the contents of the map s are not equal, false otherwise.
3) true if the contents of the lhs are lexicographically less than the contents of rhs , false otherwise.
4) true if the contents of the lhs are lexicographically less than or equal to the contents of rhs , false otherwise.
5) true if the contents of the lhs are lexicographically greater than the contents of rhs , false otherwise.
6) true if the contents of the lhs are lexicographically greater than or equal to the contents of rhs , false otherwise.
7) The relative order of the first pair of non-equivalent elements in lhs and rhs if there are such elements, lhs. size ( ) <=> rhs. size ( ) otherwise.

Complexity

1,2) Constant if lhs and rhs are of different size, otherwise linear in the size of the map .
3-7) Linear in the size of the map .

Notes

The relational operators are defined in terms of the element type's operator < .

(until C++20)

The relational operators are defined in terms of synth-three-way , which uses operator <=> if possible, or operator < otherwise.

Notably, if the element does not itself provide operator <=> , but is implicitly convertible to a three-way comparable type, that conversion will be used instead of operator < .

(since C++20)

Example

Run this code 
#include <cassert>
#include <compare>
#include <map>
 
int main()
{
    std::map<int, char> a{{1, 'a'}, {2, 'b'}, {3, 'c'}};
    std::map<int, char> b{{1, 'a'}, {2, 'b'}, {3, 'c'}};
    std::map<int, char> c{{7, 'Z'}, {8, 'Y'}, {9, 'X'}, {10, 'W'}};
 
    assert
    (""
        "Compare equal containers:" &&
        (a != b) == false &&
        (a == b) == true &&
        (a < b) == false &&
        (a <= b) == true &&
        (a > b) == false &&
        (a >= b) == true &&
        (a <=> b) != std::weak_ordering::less &&
        (a <=> b) != std::weak_ordering::greater &&
        (a <=> b) == std::weak_ordering::equivalent &&
        (a <=> b) >= 0 &&
        (a <=> b) <= 0 &&
        (a <=> b) == 0 &&
 
        "Compare non equal containers:" &&
        (a != c) == true &&
        (a == c) == false &&
        (a < c) == true &&
        (a <= c) == true &&
        (a > c) == false &&
        (a >= c) == false &&
        (a <=> c) == std::weak_ordering::less &&
        (a <=> c) != std::weak_ordering::equivalent &&
        (a <=> c) != std::weak_ordering::greater &&
        (a <=> c) < 0 &&
        (a <=> c) != 0 &&
        (a <=> c) <= 0 &&
    "");
}

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior
LWG 3431 C++20 operator <=> did not require T
to model three_way_comparable 		requires
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