std::map<Key,T,Compare,Allocator>:: extract

In either case, no elements are copied or moved, only the internal pointers of the container nodes are repointed (rebalancing may occur, as with erase() ).

Extracting a node invalidates only the iterators to the extracted element. Pointers and references to the extracted element remain valid, but cannot be used while element is owned by a node handle: they become usable if the element is inserted into a container.

Parameters

Return value

A node handle that owns the extracted element, or empty node handle in case the element is not found in (2,3) .

Exceptions

Complexity

Notes

extract is the only way to change a key of a map element without reallocation:

std::map<int, std::string> m{{1, "mango"}, {2, "papaya"}, {3, "guava"}};
auto nh = m.extract(2);
nh.key() = 4;
m.insert(std::move(nh));
// m == {{1, "mango"}, {3, "guava"}, {4, "papaya"}}

Example

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <string_view>
#include <map>
 
void print(std::string_view comment, const auto& data)
{
    std::cout << comment;
    for (auto [k, v] : data)
        std::cout << ' ' << k << '(' << v << ')';
 
    std::cout << '\n';
}
 
int main()
{
    std::map<int, char> cont{{1, 'a'}, {2, 'b'}, {3, 'c'}};
 
    print("Start:", cont);
 
    // Extract node handle and change key
    auto nh = cont.extract(1);
    nh.key() = 4;
 
    print("After extract and before insert:", cont);
 
    // Insert node handle back
    cont.insert(std::move(nh));
 
    print("End:", cont);
}

Start: 1(a) 2(b) 3(c)
After extract and before insert: 2(b) 3(c)
End: 2(b) 3(c) 4(a)

See also